The objective of this study is to analyze the growing implications of malpractice litigation on the evolution of health care reform in India and to further examine the interdependence of the two. The study is specifically in the context of a recent judgment in the Indian Supreme Court, Dr. Balram Prasad v. Doctor Kunal Saha & Ors. , where a 770 million rupees compensation had been awarded to the claimant of the suit, on account of certain special circumstances which have further been discussed in detail in the book. The author attempts to argue, through a combination of medico-legal interpretation and analysis, about the need for adopting equitable justice as the only suitable yardstick for assessing patient care in India in light of the circumstances mentioned. This study had been presented at the International Conference on Comparative Law and Development held in the Indian Society of International Law and organized by the Faculty of Law, Delhi University on the 22nd of March, 2014. The author is presently a student of law at the Symbiosis Law School in Pune, India, and has only recently completed an internship under the aegis of the 2014 ‘L’Ordre national du Mérite’ winner, Senior Supreme Court Advocate-on-record & current Additional Solicitor General of India, Mrs. Pinky Anand, as well as a brief period of voluntary service at the Nirmal Hriday Hospice (or Home for the Dying) Branch of the Missionaries of Charity in Kalighat, Kolkata.